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Granada is the
capital of the province with the same name, situated in the eastern
part of the region of Andalusia. Geographical and scenic diversity
charactises the land. There is the coastal area with its warm climate;
the extensive, fertile Genil plain and the mountainous regions with
a colder climate, where the 3,481 meter Mulhacén, the biggest
peak on the peninsula of Spain is. The city of Granada is located
at the foot of the Sierra Nevada mountains at the confluences of the
Darro and Genil rivers. Its unique history has bestowed it with an
artistic grandeur embracing Moorish palaces and Christian Renaissance
treasures. As the last Moorish capital on the Iberian peninsula, it
also holds great symbolic value.
The city of
Granada has been shaped by the hills, where the old districts in
the Albaicín and the Alhambra were founded, brimming with
steep, narrow streets, beautiful nooks and crannies, and marvelous
landscapes. The new part of the city is situated on the plain, crisscrossed
by the large arteries of Gran Vía de Colón and Calle
de los Reyes Católicos, and where the busy streets around
the Cathedral are found.
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The
Moors crossed the strait of Gibraltar in 711 and settled in
what was then a small Visigoth town perched atop the Alhambra
hill. Here they settled, erected walls and laid the foundation
for the prosperous civilisation that would follow. It was in
the 9th century when Granada rose to importance after the fall
of the Caliphate of Córdoba. Its splendor was reached
in 1238, when Mohammed ben Nasar founded the Nasrid dynasty,
and the kingdom of Granada stretched from Gibraltar to Murcia. |
This dynasty
bore twenty kings until King Boabdil was forced to surrender Granada
to the Catholic monarchs, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, in
1492. During three centuries, a magnificent and rich Islamic culture
flourished, leaving Granada with architectural marvels of the caliber
of the Alhambra, declared a World Heritage Site, along with the
Generalife and the Albaicín.
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